Hope the Russian government to stimulate the development of non-industrial areas by establishing in their territories of special economic zones (SEZ) for tourism and recreation, it seems, were Manilovism. During the three years of formal existence of the SEZ in the Krasnodar Territory tourist paradise, no investor was not interested in the promised government benefits. Independent experts believe that the local area will not cure the preferential Russia from her home illness - "deformity of the investment climate." In addition, investors scared and economic crisis, which questioned the return on their investment in new resort property. The Russian government has decided to prematurely close a special zone for tourism and recreation in the Krasnodar region, which covers the territory of Anapa, Gelendzhik, Sochi and Tuapse. One reason for the closure of the zone in the Krasnodar Territory is that during its existence there was not a single investor. Thus, answering the question, "NG", Deputy Economic Development (MED), Oleg Saveliev explained yesterday: the decision to close the SEZ in the Krasnodar region due to the fact that for a long time there was not realized tourist and recreational activities and have not been held by private investors for the implementation of specific projects. In addition, Saveliev said that decision was made taking into account the need to concentrate budget resources on other projects prioritized. State costs for liquidated area amounted to about 60 million rubles. Another reason for cancellation of SEZ in the Krasnodar region - lack of activity of regional authorities. "We work with those sites, where the activity takes the local administration. On the part of the Krasnodar Territory and the people who in the administration are responsible for it, it was not "- said the head of department and project finance SEZ Ministry of Economic Development, Dmitry Levchenko. Economic Development Minister Elvira Elvira drew attention to the fact that the abolition of the SEZ in the Krasnodar region does not mean that the government abandoned the development of tourism infrastructure in the region. The Minister also clarified that in other regions "to abandon these areas is not planned." Recall, from 2005, Russia began to establish SEZ types - industrial production, technology development, tourism and recreation, port. Zones were established to stimulate economic development in the region or individual cities. After opening the SEZ on the region subject to special customs and tax preferential treatment. In particular, it could be established by the reduced tax rate of income tax. However, revolutionary improvements in the economic situation of the regions due to the SEZ has not happened. Visibly disappointed in the saving idea of special zones and among officials. Affected zone is a disappointment and in the Krasnodar region, which was created by government decree in 2007. In the Krasnodar Territory was supposed to create sets of five special tourism areas: two in Anapa, one in Gelendzhik, Tuapse and Sochi. But the following year it became clear that hopes to surpass Egypt and Turkey are more like Manilovism. In particular, problems with the tourism project in the resort town of Anapa, which involved the construction of the underwater world of the museum, tennis and football schools, water parks, yacht clubs, golf courses, sports and beach parks, botanical gardens, a sports and spa complexes, many hotels, etc. Deputy Head of the Federal Tourism Agency, Gennady Pilipenko, then noticed that the project is not implemented in full. He said that the situation in which "the construction of engineering infrastructure is due to the state, and other communications - at the expense of the investor, is unacceptable." Therefore, the concept for the development of tourist zone and development of the territory should be reconsidered. Elvira in 2008 noted that the efficiency of the SEZ will be available in the event that the zone of tourist-recreational type transferred to the regions along with the transfer to them and appropriate, targeted subsidies. "Extreme" in this story was then the Federal Agency for Special Economic Zones (RusSEZ). In 2009, President Dmitry Medvedev signed a decree abolishing RusSEZ and transfer its functions to the mayor. At the same time Medvedev asked Nabiullina finally "to stimulate colleagues," so that they actively worked with the special zones. But, apparently, failed to stimulate again - and this in such a seemingly fertile for tourism in the region, as the Krasnodar Territory. Some experts have already warned a year ago, that the abolition of RusSEZ unlikely to lead to some positive changes in the tourism industry of the country. Negative changes are also possible: if the mayor will have more freedom to experiment with the management of tourist zone and really give them the jurisdiction of the regions, reducing the need to wait for the interest of investors. After all, big business, experts say, it prefers to interact with federal, not regional authorities. Independent experts point out that the lack of investors in the Krasnodar region can be attributed primarily overall unfavorable situation in the country's economy, which is still reeling from the crisis. "The crisis has reduced in the first place investments in recreation," - said the director of a regional program of the Independent Institute of Social Policy, Natalia Zubarevich. In her view, investors really hard to find, and for good reason, the objective of economic recession, and then - of economic uncertainty. In addition, the expert continues, "in Sochi, and so invested huge amounts of money that should have been to stimulate the development of the whole region, and, perhaps, the authorities decided: where are more?". If we talk about the experience of creating special economic zone of tourist-type in general in Russia, he believes Zubarevich "not good and not bad, it just no." In the Altai region until all is under construction. The Black Sea coast earlier developed and will evolve in the future and without bands, just the pace of development is not high. Lake Baikal in Buryatia and the status of SEZ practically nothing. Because the proposed rule tax benefits, as noted by the expert, in fact, minuscule and hardly stimulate the discovery of some all-time projects. But most importantly, summarizes Zubarevitch, is that "a small local area is unlikely to pereshibaet all grimaces and ugliness of the Russian investment climate." That's the main reason for undue expectations and the collapse of tourism projects, even in the fertile Krasnodar territory. Preferential treatment of special zones in Russia - this is just a dead poultice, analysts say. Expert Evaluation Department "2K Audit - Business Consulting» / Morison International Vorobyev Irina adds that the difficulty in attracting investments arise, including due to the "opacity factor of business environment that exists today in Russia." Opacity of the same business, according to many experts, is often caused by a Russian financial uncleanliness not only entrepreneurs, many officials, some employers withhold information about their business for fear of becoming a victim of administrative arbitrariness.
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