In the regions are looking for ways of residential mortgage lending

The government intends to encourage the reduction of interest rates on mortgage bank loans. This was at the March Forum in Bryansk, said Prime Minister Vladimir Putin said, recalling that the development contributes to the growth of mortgage housing. "RG" explores what being taken to strengthen this segment in the region. In 2010, Russia was granted 290,000 mortgages totaling about 370 billion rubles. This is 2.4 times more than in 2009, but almost half less than the record for the sector 2008. Then the amount of mortgage loans amounted to nearly 656 billion. According to the agency of mortgage lending (HMLA) last year due to lower cost apartments, reducing square footage and the tightening of banks' claims on borrowers (in particular, on the amount of down payment), the average size of mortgage loans decreased. A large part of them was obtained for purchases on the secondary market: the volume of transactions with new housing in 2010 was three times less than in 2008. The development of the mortgage is heavily influenced by structural changes in the banking sector to replace the small local institutions offering the citizens of interesting mortgage products, come branches of major banks. This process leads to the standardization of credit conditions. In 2009, the average rate on the mortgage was 14-14.5 per cent and above, but now has dropped to 12,6-12,7, almost pre-crisis level (12.5 percent). Its further reduction is planned to be secured through federal programs to stimulate the mortgage worth 250 billion rubles, the implementation of which will deal with HMLA and Vnesheconombank. Already in 2012 the plans of the government issued an annual volume of housing loans will return to pre-crisis levels. The average size of loans decreased due to lower housing costs and the tightening of banks' claims on government borrowers regions interested in increasing housing construction, are also trying to create conditions for development of the mortgage, and some of them seem almost revolutionary. For example, in February, the Administration of Rostov region announced plans to increase consumer demand for mortgages by reducing loan rate to 8-9 percent. Expected to do so with the leadership of the branch of one of the largest Russian banks. Lending institution reduces its stake to 12 percent, and its further reduction provided by the budget: the region will allocate 200 million rubles, an additional 100 million - the regional center. In the Smolensk region to these plans was received with interest, but follow the same path refused. - Work to increase the availability of mortgage should not be a government support of banks, although it is accessible to the public to raise, - the governor, Sergei Antufiev. - What's the use of such credits, which can receive only 12 percent of the country? I think the mortgage will be meaningful only if it will participate in half of the population. As hard as it may, in the Smolensk region will develop a program that allows state employees to participate in the mortgage. But I would like to feel and oncoming traffic - from banking institutions. The program operated residential mortgage lending in the Smolensk region from 2004 to 2010. As long as it was supposed to repay within the interest rate on your mortgage, it did not work at all. And, more likely, not due to inoperable machinery, but because of her no one knew. In the summer of 2006 the program was amended to allow the participant (government employees with experience of at least two years) immediately after the conclusion of the contract with the bank to get from the regional budget of 100 thousand rubles in non-repayable basis - to make a down payment for an apartment or pay interest. In 2008 - just before the onset of the economic crisis - the power of the region once again improved the paper: in the next two years, welfare benefits could reach 30 percent of the loan and the amount is 300 thousand rubles. Assistance was provided on condition that after the acquisition of housing by size of total area of ​​mortgage facilities available to the family ownership and social rented under the contract will not exceed 33 square feet per person. In 2009, participants in the payment of the mortgage from the regional budget has been allocated 13 million rubles, and in 2010 it was initially about 18 million, but then the funding for the program was increased to 23. Last year, 116 participants were employees of state and local government agencies and police public safety. Today in the Smolensk region is no incentive program no mortgage, and interest to the Governor of the experience of other regions is associated just with the drafting of this document. Because of innovative solutions to regional authorities have not found another program that is likely to be built on the old principles. Around the same direction, albeit with a slightly different mechanism is followed in the Tula region. In 2009-2010, the housing with a mortgage, with the support of the budget is able to improve the 197 families of employees of public institutions and state and municipal employees, who stood on the account before March 1, 2005. In 2011 from the regional treasury for the development of this sector is planned to allocate 70 million rubles. At the same time for the subsidy will send 60 million citizens, and ten will finance statutory activities of the regional development fund housing and mortgage lending. It is estimated that social subsidies for mortgages will be able to get 100 families. According to the Governor of the Yaroslavl region Sergey Vakhrukov, the main task today - "to break the population's attitude to the possibilities of housing loans." The problem of loan recovery and the situation in which have been defrauded real estate investors - all of this scared people away from mortgages. But without it, the housing problem for people with low incomes simply can not decide, I'm sure the head region. - New mechanisms that we and the banks offer to improve the purchasing power of the population are real and must be used to begin the public, - says Sergey Vakhrukov. The novelty of the Yaroslavl scheme - in principle, the organization of participatory construction. Agency for Mortgage Lending provides loans to banks targets for lending to property developers and real estate investors involved in the construction of economy-housing, and then refinance its loans. The future owner of the apartment shared construction contract makes ten percent of the purchase price, and to pay the remainder of taking a mortgage at a rate of 9.5-11 per cent per annum in the bank to the credit of the construction. In this case, the bank monitors the progress of construction and the guarantor of the rights of shareholders and fulfillment of obligations developers.