"The middle class lives in maloetazhkah"

"The development of mechanisms that would attract low-cost long-term money into the system and operation of rental housing - one of the main tasks of the state. If this problem is solved, we get an explosion of construction ", - told the newspaper LOOK Vice President Sergei NAMIKS Milushkin, commenting on plans for low-rise construction in Russia. Prime Minister Vladimir Putin on Friday held a meeting on low-rise building, where once again stated that the development of this form of housing in Russia is now a top priority for the government. Putin demanded that the percentage of low-rise construction in Russia increased from 40% in 2010 to 60% by 2015, the total built housing, but in real terms - up to 54 million square meters In the next five years to stimulate the housing programs in the regions of the federal budget will send about 25 billion rubles. The Prime Minister noted that "in areas where elevated low-rise housing, adequate rate should be entered in the system network power and water supply, gas pipelines, roads and communications systems." He also demanded to remove "excessive administrative barriers, including significantly reduce the time of approval of project documentation when issuing decisions." Putin also said that the cost of the developer to connect to the grid is too high. "In developed economies, the cost of connecting to the grid 40 times less than in Russia. As a way to build? "- Outraged the prime minister. Since purchasing power is not high enough yet to buy an apartment, Putin offered to find more effective mechanisms. According to him, it is necessary not only to improve the mortgage, but also expand the practice of rent. According to him, in Europe and 60% of the population live in rented apartments in the U.S. - 35%, and in Russia - only 5%. According to preliminary calculations, the monthly fee for renting apartments in low-rise building can be about 10 thousand rubles. What is the advantage of low-rise building, that should be done to low-rise housing has become affordable for the majority of Russian citizens, the newspaper said LOOK vice-president of the National Agency of low-rise and cottage construction (NAMIKS) Sergei Milushkin. VIEW: What are the advantages of low-rise building, which now pays particular attention to the government? Sergei Milushkin: Structure of the housing was built in Soviet times, based on the fact that in the short term it was necessary to solve the problem of providing citizens with housing. Construction program Khrushchev and nine-panel once solved this problem. However, we believe, and the government supports us in this, we must move to a new level of life in Russia. Therefore, promoting low-rise building. The advantage of low-rise construction is that the life in your home is qualitatively different from life in an urban high-rises. Multi-storey house, at least in the West, as a rule - or a rental housing, or live there are not the most affluent. Normal middle class lives in maloetazhkah. Low-rise buildings have better environment, since houses are out of town. This will create a completely different habitat for humans. This is not urban density, it is not miles of asphalt, it's normal landscaping, natural conditions and environment. During the construction maloetazhek modern technologies, which differ in environmental performance and efficiency. The cycle of construction of such houses are usually shorter. If you have prepared engineering services on the site, then just one season, you can build an entire village. It is enough affordable housing, because the low-rise building - not the house that we see on the ruble, is economy class housing. Low-rise building usually has a small plot, and a person living in a house, landscaping is more interested in his court, rather than a person living in the five-story buildings. LOOK: It may be a house not one but a few families? SM: Yes, it may be three-storey house. Last week, together with the leadership of the Sverdlovsk region, we discovered Svetlorechensky village, where it was built about 22 houses on various technologies. This is a very neat village of town houses and three storey houses with a common landscape design. These homes have one-bedroom apartments orphans. In Russia, there are examples of successful low-rise construction of entire cities. For example, today Prime Minister held a meeting in New Stupino, which is just an example of how to build low-rise housing in Russia. Successful examples of the construction of such housing is in Ekaterinburg, Moscow Region, Kaluga, Leningrad region and in other regions. VIEW: This is still not a mass phenomenon in Russia? SM: Increased input of new housing is everywhere. Last year, as directed by the government adopted a regional housing program. Each region must paint, how to achieve an annual increase of new housing to meet the goal - in ten years to increase its volume by half. If in 2010, Russia introduced a 58 million square meters of new housing, by 2020 the government set a target to increase to 142 million square meters. This is a very high rate, and the regions should ensure their implementation. One of the conditions of regional programs is that the total new housing should take most of this low-rise building. If in 2010 the share of low-rise construction in the total amount of housing construction in Russia reached 40%, by 2020 the task is to increase it to 60%. VIEW: Today, Putin said that by 2015 the share of low-rise building should be 60%. SM: If he said so, will do by 2015. VIEW: In some regions the share of low-rise building is already 80%. Still, the country is still only 40% of the entry of new housing. What you need to make more low-rise building a mass phenomenon, and more accessible to the Russians? SM: In carrying out the housing program, the regions must strictly adhere to enter the numbers of low-rise housing. Based on these figures, they have to prepare land for comprehensive development. Low-rise buildings occupies a large area, so the main task of the regional authorities - to prepare sites for construction. They must decide questions of engineering, social and road infrastructure, the issues with the subjects of natural monopolies, clearance of land in terms of land rights, development of advanced materials. Often in the region are plants that produce only concrete and brick construction, with new technology - this frame-panel, and the houses from glued beams and blocks. This is a more modern, more energy-efficient and effective building designs, allowing up to one square meter price of 30 thousand rubles. The authorities also need to resolve the issue of land for construction of low-rise villages economy class, so it was worth inexpensive or no cost. For example, we now support the bill that would allow Russian citizens to unite in co-operatives for the construction of low-rise housing. No law can be created only for the construction of cooperative apartment buildings. If the amendments are adopted, it will be a big plus. For disadvantaged citizens, united in such cooperatives, we propose to allocate land for free. Then the value of the land away from the price per square meter. Site for low-rise building of an economy class, in our opinion, should be provided for utilities, social and road infrastructure. Moreover, these sectors should be a separate business for investors. This project we are implementing together with Vnesheconombank in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug social infrastructure - construction of kindergartens and schools. The same practice should be introduced for the construction of utilities and road infrastructure. In several regions of Russia are already preparing for it. If all this will be implemented by the regions, the builder will receive a prepared platform. In this case, the cost of home plus its margin in almost every construction technology, used in Russia, will allow the developer to sell square meters and costs 20 to 30 thousand per square meter - this is an achievable figure, but only if the state or private industry will take committed to providing cheap land, providing engineering, road and social infrastructure. The state should help solve these problems. LOOK: The price of 20-30 rubles per square meter can be called affordable for Russians? SM: According to research, buying a home at a price per square meter in 30 thousand rubles can afford up to 20% of the population of Russia with the help of loans and mortgages. If the price per square meter is 20 thousand rubles, a real estate mortgage can have up to 38% of Russians. Other citizens, unfortunately, are not able to purchase a house, even with such meter cost. LOOK: Is it possible to reduce the price per square meter? SM: More reduce impossible, because there are certain parameters of quality of construction. If the lower price, we'll get is a house of cards. VIEW: How to make housing affordable for all Russians? SM: We're always talking about the property. But remember that even in Soviet times, property owners were a unit - it's cooperatives or people in rural areas, cities are all living on social engagement. In the 90s there was a mass privatization of property, which is a positive thing, but then we failed to realize that by doing so gave birth to the poor class of owners. It should be understood that the owner - is not only the joy of possession, but the burden of maintenance. And when the burden of responsibility of the grandmother with a pension of 2.5 thousand rubles, it is clear that it can not pay any communal or repair or property tax, which is planned to introduce. In Russia there is a large imbalance in the market towards home ownership in the property. While the worldwide average of 40 to 70% of the population in different countries live in rented accommodation. And it's not wild to rent in Moscow, when a squalid square meters have to pay 50 thousand rubles. In the west there is a civilized system of rental apartments owned by specific companies that make this a good business. For example, in England the delivery of cheap apartments for rent do the companies that belong to the municipalities. With the introduction of rent state is able to solve social problems. Therefore, we believe that you need to build low-rise housing is not just for sale but for lease. According to estimates Regional Development Ministry and the government, in 2015 at the stated rate of housing construction, we will provide housing for those 20% of the population who can afford to buy a flat of 30 thousand rubles per square meter. After 2016 the construction of these meters will not find the demand. Therefore, you must create a system of rental housing and the economy-class system of exploitation of rental housing. VIEW: Landlord must serve the state or private investors? And how much will it cost lease? SM: There may be different economic model. In Kaluga, for example, operates a model of what kind of company is the customer rental housing that is financed by banks. Builders build housing, the customer receives it in the property and rents an apartment for rent, as there is great demand for the opening of new industrial enterprises in the region. We believed the economy in Kaluga. For 35-45 sq ft one-bedroom apartment rent is 10-12 thousand rubles a month. But that's not the cheapest option. The problem is that the money comes from banks at high interest rates - 10% per annum under construction and 10% in 20 years to operate the shelter. Now if we could bring long-term money from investors or, for example, a pension fund, which now does not allow the legislation, then it would be at the expense of lower interest rates on loans could reduce the rent for. Here's premier said that the interest rate on mortgages in Russia should not be more than 5-6% per annum, so that's a small rent for young families, students, migrant workers, should be inexpensive. Again, both solved and social problems. If the interest rate on loans to developers would be around 5%, we could achieve a lower rent. This should count, but I think that at this rate may appear flat to rent for 8 thousand rubles a month. This fee can not afford to have the majority of citizens. The presence of a civilized market of affordable rental housing will reduce the price per square meter on the market and sales. The man appears an alternative: instead of buying overpriced property in the apartment he can rent affordable housing. Then the developers will be meaningless bully prices for apartments, because they simply nobody will buy it. VIEW: What the state can do to help raise money cheap long low-rise building to rent? SM: The state should work with the regulatory framework, because it is inconsistent - to consider issues of rental housing in the civil and housing codes. It is necessary to resolve issues involving low-cost long-term loans for the construction of low-rise building. For example, we know that the state allocates part of its reserves in foreign securities. We have proposed the creation of a state-owned operator of low-rise housing or regional operator, which could release the paper and mark them on the stock exchange, or the state would have to buy these securities. The development of financial mechanisms that would attract low-cost long-term money into the system and operation of rental housing - one of the main tasks of the state. If this problem is solved, for a year or two we get a building explosion. Rental housing will solve social problems, to help labor migration to Russia.