Last year mortgages in our market took a lot of different stages. Was "full freeze" - winter and spring loans almost issued, although the banks for some reasons, and their continued this service to advertise. In the summer began a timid revival, and from mid-September, it became more and more signs point to a full recovery. What about mortgage today - this question has studied correspondent Metrinfo. Progress has been since mid-summer the number of loans issued by Russian banks is growing. "According to the Central Bank in July, Russia was granted 10 717 loans, which is 16.2% more than in June. In August, about July number has increased by 26% - up to 13 529 units "- told us in an analytical consulting center of" Miel ". These figures are, of course, up to 60% below what was in the summer of 2008. But if you can not be compared with those prosperous times, and "lean" in the winter and spring - there is improvement. "In September, compared with the beginning of the year, the number of issued ruble-denominated mortgage loans on the secondary market has more than doubled," - said Dinar GARIPOVA, Chief Information Officer of the Holding MGSN. "Indeed, we are currently witnessing a revival in the mortgage market - agrees Irina Mandrakova, head of retail lending sector," Bank of Smolensk. " - In the last few months several banks have on the liberalization of conditions: in particular, the reduction in interest rates. We have acted in line with market trends and also lowered the interest rate on one of our mortgage programs, "owner" of 1.25% - up to 10.5%. " According to analysts, "Miel" in the III quarter of 2009, went on a steady decline in interest rates: as compared to II quarter they generally decreased in rubles by 1 percentage point (up to 17.31% per annum), in dollars and euros - 1.3 percentage points (to 12.84%). In "Kreditmart" link on the testimony of an indicator developed by mortgage - Kreditmart.Indeksa. And they show a decrease in rates. For example, if the range of rates of ruble-denominated loans in September stood at 18.53% - 20.72%, in October, already 16.58% -19.27% (see table at end of text). Positive data gives Eugene Taubkin, general manager of the "Independent Mortgage Bureau": in her words, to abolish the anti-crisis restrictions on loans to individuals declared Savings Bank - it lowered the down payment (from 30 to 15-20%), increased the maximum amount and timing credit, surety canceled several programs for borrowers of bank customers. "Nordea Bank" (former name - "Ogresbank") has lowered interest rates and reduced the amount of down payment. "VTB 24" reduced rates on mortgage loans in foreign currency by 1.5%, while loans in rubles at 1%. "Today, the mortgage market really continue to operate five major federal banks: Sberbank, VTB 24, Gazprombank, the Agricultural Bank and Bank of Moscow, in the aggregate outstanding to 60% of total loans in the Russian Federation, as well as about 15 large banks, including Alfa Bank, Absolut Bank, Bank of Zhilfinans, City Mortgage Bank, DeltaCredit, Moscow Credit Bank, OTP Bank, Raiffeisen Bank, Rosbank, UniCreditBank, Russian Mortgage Bank - says Inna Ignatkina, executive director of MIAN, - some of them - VTB-24, Absolut Bank, DeltaCredit, Home Credit - besides the standard secondary market loan purchase program implements a pledge of real estate. " From the middle of summer, a number of banks (VTB-24, DeltaCredit, Credit Bank of Moscow, in some regions - the Savings Bank) today announced the resumption of lending to new buildings. but difficulties remain, however, to the old, pre-crisis indicators are still very far away. Interest will still remain much higher than they were six years ago. "Much has changed the approach to the banks underwriting clients, tougher requirements for a package of documents that are validated, - lists Natalya Pavlova, an expert on real estate agency" Kutuzovsky. " - Also, banks require the borrower to make a significant large amount of own funds as a down payment. " "The primary market conditions of buying an apartment with a mortgage are difficult to achieve for borrowers - states in the" Miel ". - Banks in most cases, making demands of full or partial (at least 2 / 3) construction readiness of the object, which is accredited by the bank or require additional collateral, such as apartments, available to the borrower's property, as well as non-registration of a pledge flat minor children. " Who needs? In the current situation could be heard the opinion that the development of the mortgage today inhibit not primarily banks and customers. Bankers are already happy and someone to give credit, but the people, frightened by the crisis, are wary to take on long-term commitment. Our experts, however, with this approach is not accepted. "This is only partly true - says Irina Mandrakova (" Smolensky Bank "). - Banks are willing to lend, but not on the principle of "at least somebody." Still, it must be remembered that the problem of "bad" debts with all its consequences will not go away, and take on new credit risks no one wants. " Also, the expert said, the crisis has affected not only banks but also for borrowers: Many of those who could afford the mortgage in the quiet years, now can not do it. "Mortgage interest both banks and customers, - Mrs. Julia Izotov, Head of Mortgage Credit Bank of Moscow (IBC). - For banks, this is the least risky high-yield credit. And with customer-oriented approach allows the bank to offer it to the client and other bank products. " Igor Zhigunov, deputy chairman of City Mortgage Bank, welcomes shown by many potential borrowers carefully. "Now is the very period of low real estate prices when you can improve their living conditions, and it makes sense to take a moment - said the expert. - On the other hand, the question of burdening themselves long-term credit obligations as a balanced approach is better, once all the count and not in a hurry. Mortgage loan - really interesting, relevant and real way to get housing, but it is important to calculate the forces, the necessary information and choose the most suitable program for yourself. " Portrait Retouching with no At our request, market specialists were "typical picture" of today's mortgage. First of all, it's impressive initial payment - says Igor Zhigunov (City Mortgage Bank), the client is applying for a mortgage, must have own funds in an amount not less than 30-40% of the price. In 2007 and early 2008, as we have had enough of 10-15%. The second important component - proof of income. Before the crisis, banks are willing to take into account all kinds of "gray" wages in the course were various "help shape the bank" (this is where the employer actually admitted that he pays the employee a sum, and pay taxes on the other). With the crisis of all these games are over - the only tool was perceived by banks to help form the "2-PIT", ie the data that is sent to the tax office. The third - of course, higher interest. Even with the fall "relief" rates are very high - 10-17% in U.S. dollars and 12-22% in rubles. Specific rates depend on the size, according to Igor Zhigunova, on several parameters: currency of the loan, down payment amount (as it is, the lower the rate) and time (the longer the loan, the rate is often higher). Fourth, the period of time. Formally, the market returned to the program for up to 20-25 years, but they are few and their conditions are difficult for borrowers. In fact, the most popular loans today - 10 to 15 years old. And finally, the type of property being taken by banks as collateral. There is almost complete domination of the city finished apartments, ie secondary market. The acquisition has not constructed new buildings do not lend to banks are. As well as objects and suburban real estate. In a fashion - moderation now look at another aspect of the process - the borrowers. "The new conditions have significantly changed their profile - says Angela Dubrovskaya, head of mortgage investment and development company« City-XXI century ". - With the market almost completely disappeared contract employees with an income of 25-30 thousand Rs. a month. It became obvious that the client is no down payment and a high ratio of the parameters payment / income on a mortgage now can not expect. But in their place have come more financially secure people who earn more than $ 3,000. " These people work in large, stable companies - added Kreditmart. Taught by bitter experience last fall when the dollar soared for two months and a half times, borrowers prefer to take today is denominated loans - although the interest on them and more. "The most common is the ruble loan to short term - up to 10 years - said Julia Izotov (IBC). - Not all borrowers based on their income, can take credit for such a short time - and many take 15-20 years. However, absolutely all of them are going to pay in advance and repay the loan within 5-7 years. " Increase in the number of those who apply for small loans - 1-2 million "Their receivers hit the market in August - says Dinara GARIPOVA (MGSN). - To issue such loans were Sberbank and bank "Delta Credit." In Kreditmart called the average amount of credit - 2 million rubles. Specified amount to purchase an apartment (at least in Moscow) is not enough, so the borrowers use the money for alternative exchanges, for example, selling one-bedroom apartment and buy a two bedroom. In today's lower prices, this operation is advantageous - even taking into account the fact that the loan will have to pay interest. "More than 80% of the deals with housing, ongoing, it is necessary to alternate operations - confirms this Inna Ignatkina (IIAS). - If necessary, parties to the deal as a surcharge for improved housing using mortgage funds. The average loan size in this case is 1-1.5 million rubles. Upon receipt of the loan directly to the purchase of a flat average loan size of 2.8-3 million rubles.. " Renewal of partnership in the years 2007-8 in the market actively developed various partnership programs of banks and real estate companies. Their essence was to ensure that customers, which led to the bank realtors receive various bonuses and discounts. After the crisis, all of this cooperation are naturally curled, and is now being revived. Recently, the agency "MIAN" reported on a joint mortgage program with the Savings Bank. Says Eugene Taubkin (NBIK), her company is cooperating with the bank "VTB 24" - customers receive lower rates on mortgages by 0.5% per annum reduction in fees for the issuance of up to 20% and halve the period of the moratorium on early repayment. "Smolensky Bank", according to Irina Mandrakovoy also has a joint program with the "Smolensk Construction Company." Customers of the bank offers two partner programs: "Superdoverie" on the purchase of apartments in buildings under construction, and the "owner" under the collateral purchased housing. The first program the borrower can obtain a loan of 200 thousand to 3 million rubles., In the original are made on 50% of the cost of purchased mortgage housing. The loan rate in this case is 11.5% per annum. Under the program, "owner" loans are between $ 500 thousand to 4 million rubles. for up to 30 years with an initial payment of 30% at an interest rate of 10.5%. Results and prospects with the fact that the active phase of the crisis passed, the agreement seems to have everything. The question comes down to timing: when the mortgage market to recover fully. Our experts, saying the case laid the mantra that all depends on the overall economic situation (and this is right: if the second wave of the crisis still happens, the market collapses of the new), generally agreed that 2010 will have recovery time of the mortgage market. And in 2-3 years the market is estimated to be fully compensated for all losses caused to him by the crisis.
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